African founders: how enslaved people expanded American ideas

Northern regions, New England

Puritan purposes, Akan ethics, American values

Hudson Valley

Dutch capitalists, Angolan entrepreneurs, American strivers

Delaware Valley

Quaker founders, Guinea achievers, American reformers

Southern regions, Chesapeake, Virginia and Maryland

English masters, West African rebels, American leaders

Coastal Carolina and Georgia

Barbadian planters, Gullah-Geechee cultures, American roots

Louisiana, Mississippi, and the Gulf Coast

French, Spanish & Anglo rulers; Bamana, Benin & Congo clusters; American Pluralism

Frontier regions, Western frontiers : free range slaves

Fulani herders, Texas cowboys, American mustangers

Maritime frontiers : saltwater slaves

West African boatmen, Atlantic seamen, American mariners

Southern frontiers : warrior slaves

Angolan soldiers, Afro-Seminole warriors, U.S. Seminole-Negro scouts.