Music, sound, and technology in America: a documentary history of early phonograph, cinema, and radio

"The phonograph and its future." / Thomas A. Edison (North American Review 126 (1878), 530-36)

"The phonograph." (New York Times, 7 November 1877, 4)

"What the phonograph will do for music and music-lovers." / Philip G. Hubert Jr. (Century Magazine, May 1893, 152-54)

Edison realism test (Broadside, c. 1916)

"Illustrated song machine." (Talking Machine World, October 1905, 33); and "Illustrated song machine." (Talking Machine World, November 1905, 33)

"Times and seasons." / Orlo Williams (Gramophone, June 1923, 38-39)

How we gave a phonograph party (New York: National Phonograph Company, 1899)

"Susan, dear Sue (The Phonograph Song) / Jas O'Dea, Arthur Gillespie, and Herbert Dillea. (New York: Witmark, 1901)

"The home set to music." / Pauline Partridge (Sunset, November 1924, 68, 75-76)

Questionnaire and responses, 1921 / Thomas A. Edison, Inc. (Collection of the University of Michigan Libraries, Ann Arbor)

"The victor in the rural school." / Annie Pike Greenwood (Journal of Education, 26 February 1914, 235)

"Organize a music memory contest." (Talking Machine Journal, March 1919, 8)

Victrola advertisement (Collier's, 4 October 1913, back cover)

Aeolian-Vocalion advertisement (Vanity Fair, May 1916, 115)

"Having different types of women customers." / Gladys L. Kimmel (Talking Machine Journal, June 1920, 17, 74-75)

"Where are the ladies?" / Scrutator ([letter to the editor] Gramophone, June 1925, 39)

"Ladies and Gramophone?" / T.A.F. ([letter to the editor] Gramophone, August 1925, 147)

"Women and the Gramophone" / Gladys M. Collin. ([letter to the editor] Gramophone, October 1925, 247)

"Women and the phonograph" / Dorothy B. Fisher. ([letter to the editor]. Phonograph Monthly Review, October 1926, 30-31)

"Talking machines are essentials." (Talking Machine Journal, December 1917, 7, 50)

"When I hear that phonograph play." / Vivian Burnett (New York: M. Witmark and Sons, 1918)

"Phonographs on the firing line : they need your "Slacker" records." (Independent, 19 October 1919, 126)

"How talking machine orchestras operate." (Violinist, September 1910, 38)

"Making a phonograph record." / Yvonne De Treville. (Musician, November 1916, 658)

The Baby Dodds story, revised edition / Baby Dodds (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1992, 69-76) [on recording jazz in 1923]

"Conducting for record." / Edwin McArthur (Listen, March 1941, 4-5)

"The effect of mechanical instruments upon musical education." (Etude, July 1916, 483-84)

The Oscar Saenger course in vocal training : a complete course of vocal study for the tenor voice on Victor Records, 9, 10, 12, 13, 24, 33 / Oscar Saenger (Camden, N.J.: Victor Talking Machine Company, 1916)

"Music of and for the records." / Henry Cowell (Modern Music 8 (March-April 1931), 32-34)

An autobiography / Igor Stravinsky. (1936. Reprint, New York: W. W. Norton, 1962)

"Recorded noises : tomorrow's instrumentation" / Carol-Bérard (Modern Music 6 (January-February 1929), 26-29)

"Meine Stellung zur Schallplatte." / Igor Stravinsky (Kultur und Schallplatte 1 (March 1930), 65)

"The menace of mechanical music." / John Philip Sousa (Appleton's, 1906, 278-84)

"An ordinance regulating the use of phonographs, graphophones and like instruments within certain districts." / Portland (Oregon) City Council (Minutes of the Portland City Council, 14 August 1907, 499. Portland (Oregon) City Council [and] Minutes of the Portland City Council, 27 November 1907, 70)

"Canned music" : is it taking the romance from our lives?" / Joseph N. Weber ( Musician, November 1930, 7-8. Pro)

"The menace of mechanical music" : some of the replies evoked by Mr. Sousa's article / Paul H. Cromelin (Appleton's, 1906, 639-40)

"Phonographs and player instruments / Anne Shaw Faulkner (National Music Monthly, August 1917, 27-29)

"The Kineto-Phonograph." (Electrical World, 16 June 1894, 799-801)

"'The perfection of the phono-cinematograph" ([editorial] Moving Picture World, 14 September 1907, 435)

Advertisement for Picturephone. "Singing and talking moving pictures."(Moving Picture World, 11 January 1908, 31)

"The singing and talking picture" What is its future?" ([editorial]. Moving Picture World, 7 May 1910, 727-28)

"Talking "movies." (Outlook, 8 March 1913, 517)

"Illustrating song slides." / Chas. K. Harris ( Moving Picture World, 9 March 1907, 5-6)

"Song slide review: "the best thing in life."" / Chas. K. Harris (Moving Picture World, 16, March 1907, 30)

"The Singer and the Song." / H.F. Hoffman (Moving Picture World, 4 June 1910, 935)

"The value of a lecture." / Van C. Lee. (Moving Picture World, 8 February 1908, 93)

"The value of a lecture with the show" / E. Esther Owen and W.M. Rhoads ( [letters to the editor in reply to Lee's article] Moving Picture World, 22 February 1908)

"How talking pictures are made; scarcity of picture actors." / Sydney Wire (Moving Picture World, 22 August 1908, 137)

"The human voice as a factor in the moving picture show." / W. Stephen Bush (Moving Picture World, 23 January 1909, 86)

"The human voice as a factor in the moving picture show" / James Clancy (Moving Picture World, 30 January 1909, 115)

"Trade notes", "When 'music' is a nuisance." / (Moving Picture World, 28 December 1907)

"Sound effects : good, bad, and indifferent" / ([editorial] Moving Picture World, 2 October 1909, 441-42)

"Music for the picture." / Clarence E. Sinn (Moving Picture World, 23 April 1910, 593-94)

"Jackass music." / Louis Reeves Harrison (Moving Picture World, 21 January 1911, 124-25)

"Jackass music" / Wm. H. McCracken ([letter to the editor] Moving Picture World, 28 January 1911, 176)

"Jackass music" / Mrs. Buttery (Moving Picture World, 4 February 1911, 258)

"Music and sound effects for Dante's Inferno." / W. Stephen Bush (Moving Picture World, 27 January 1912, 283-84)

"Playing to pictures." / L. Szeminanyi (Strad, February 1921, 327)

"A cinema musician." "Atmosphere." / (Strad, March 1926, 17)

"Cinema music." / Ernest M. Skinner (American Organist, August 1918, 417-18, 421)

"Creation of atmosphere." / J. van Cleft Cooper (American Organist, June 1922, 240-42)

"How music is made to fit the films." / (Literary Digest, 26 January 1918, 58)

"Possibilities of movie music, present and future." / Doron K. Antrim (Metronome, 15 February 1926, 20, 75)

"Scoring a motion picture." / Victor Wagner (Transactions of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers, September 1926, 40-43)

"Hugo Riesenfeld tells how he scores a film." / Josephine Vila (Musical Courier, 17 February 1927, 48)

"A word about suitable and unsuitable music in moving picture productions." / Frank A. Edson (Metronome, March 1918, 44)

"Choosing picture music that pleases the patrons : an interview with Edward L. Hyman" / (Metronome, 1 February 1926, 55)

"Why music is becoming the important element in picture presentation." / Dr. Sigmund Spaeth (Metronome, 15 March 1926, 21, 25)

"Opera singer gets thrill out of screen debut." / Josephine Vila (Musical Courier, 20 January 1927, 40)

"What modern music has done to the motion picture theaters." / L.K. Sidney (Metronome, January 1928, 26)

"Will machine-made music displace real music in our theatres?" / Joseph N. Weber (Metronome, September 1928, 50, 102)

"Talking pictures and the public." / Warren Nolan (Transactions of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers, 1929, 131-34)

"What the fans think," Picture play : "Talkie gets a guffaw," March 1929; "Voice censor suggested," March 1929; "Another fan deserts!" April 1929; "Real singers would go over," February 1932; "Carrying English to England," February 1932; "Adores Yankee talk," November 1932; "Our rural accents," November 1932

"Distributing music over telephone lines" / (Telephony, 18 December 1909, 699-701)

"Radio telephone experiments." / (Modern Electrics, May 1910, 63)

"Radio music box." / David Sarnoff; "Memorandum to Edward J. Nally, Vice-president and General Manager, Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America, c. 1916-1920" / David Sarnoff (Looking ahead : the papers of David Sarnoff: (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968, 31-32)

"The ether will now oblige." / Bruce Bliven (New Republic, 15 February 1922, 328-30)

"Five minutes of radio for a nickel." / Joseph Riley (Radio News, April 1926, 1433)

Leon Lichtenfeld / interview by Layne R. Beaty, 29 May 1988 (Library of American Broadcasting, University of Maryland, Transcripts AT 1336)

"Singing to tens of thousands : impressions of an artist during his first radio concert." / Leon Alfred Duthernoy (Radio Broadcast, November 1922, 49-51)

"Letter to the Symphony Society of New York." / Helen Keller (New York Times, 10 February 1924, 1, part 2, p. 8)

"Memorandum for Mr. J.A. Holman, Manager of Broadcasting, March 1924" / George McClelland, Head of Sales, WEAF [New York City] (National Broadcasting Company Archives, box 5, folder 1, Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison)

"Wireless music and news for the roller chair passenger" / (Scientific American, 7 August 1920, 131)

"Very latest in wireless : Union College students find a "universal lullaby" for babies." / (New York Times, 11 May 1921, 12)

"Radio now heard on buses in New York City" / (Radio World, 27 May 1922, 29)

"Advance seat sale for radio concerts" / (Popular Radio, October 1923, 528)

"Letter to the editor" / Bess B. Harris (Radio Broadcast, April 1924, 528, 530)

""Sing Down the Cattle" by Radio." / (Popular Radio, October 1926, 615)

"Wedding has radio music; Orchestra at WAAM fills gap left by missing players." / (New York Times, 1 January 1927, 7)

"Maimed and sick forget pain in model radio-equipped ambulance" / (Radio Digest, 3 June 1922, 2)

"Radio relief for the ailing." / Ward Seeley (Wireless Age, August 1922, 35)

"Jazzing the deaf by radio." / (Popular Radio, March 1926, 296)

"Radio Music Fund Committee appeals to listeners-in for contributions." / (Radio World, 1 March 1924, 12)

"How much should good radio program cost? Most frequently asked question is hardest to answer." / (Broadcast Advertising, January 1930, 6-7)

"Radio broadcast advertisements; airphone advertising will kill fan interest." / (Radio Digest, 24 June 1922, 10)

Davey Tree Hour [script from 5 January 1930] / (J. Walter Thompson Company Archives, Duke University, As Broadcast Scripts, reel 10)

J. Walter Thompson Company. Representatives Meeting, 14 January 1930 / (J. Walter Thompson Company Archives, Duke University, box 2, folder 3)

Martin L. Davey. Letter to E.P.H. James, Sales Promotion Manager, National Broadcasting Company, 1 September 1931 / (National Broadcasting Company Archives, box 3, folder 5, Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison)

Secrets of a successful radio program; Tastes and sensibilities of listeners always respected; Sponsor's salesmen find welcome, easier orders / (Broadcasting, 1 July 1932, 9)

Undated fan letter to Martin L. Davey / Justine Magee (Kent State University, Davey Tree Expert Company, Records, box 21, folder 15, Davey Tree Company: Radio Programs: 1930-32)

Radio just another blight : a plaint from East Orange [N.J.] on the tendencies of the time / A.J.M. ([letter to the editor] New York Times, 31 December 1925, 14)

"Thomas A. Edison sees a menace for music in the radio." / Paul Kempf (Musician, January 1927, 1)

Excerpts from an address broadcast from WJZ [Newark] / John C. Freund (Wireless Age, May 1922, 36)

"Opera audiences of tomorrow; America to become a music-loving nation through radio broadcasting." / Lee de Forest (Radio World, 5 August 1922, 13)

"Programs lauded by bandmasters" / (New York Times, 12 September 1926, 11, p. 2)

"What we think the public wants" / E.F. McDonald Jr. (Radio Broadcast, March 1924, 382-84)

Floyd Gibbons School of Broadcasting [correspondence course]. (Lesson no. 19: How to train a singing voice for broadcasting, 1932. "The art of crooning," 16-17)

"Rudy Vallée : God's gift to us girls." / Martha Gellhorn (New Republic, 7 August 1929, 310-11)

"Cardinal denounces crooners as whiners defiling the air" / (New York Times, 11 January 1932, 21)

"Mr. Bolton Queries "When was a crooner a man in love?; Applauds Cardinal; thinks stand well taken"" / (Morning Telegraph, 12 January 1932, 2)

"Crooners cover up; pass well known buck" / (Morning Telegraph, 13 January 1932, 2)

"Crooning comes by nature." / ([editorial]. New York Times, 24 February 1932, 20)

"How to get on a radio program." / James H. Collins (Popular Radio, February 1925, 109-17)

Audition form, National Broadcasting Company, c. 1930 / (National Broadcasting Company Archive, box 2, folder 82, Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison)

"Requirements of the radio singer." / Olive Palmer (Etude, December 1931, 849-50)

Letter to John Royal, Program Director, National Broadcasting Company, 11 January 1932 / Myda Adams (National Broadcasting Company Archive, box 6, folder 38, Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison)

"Have you a radio voice?" / ([advertisement] Radio Guide 28 January 1932, 9)

"The vicissitudes of a radio impresario." / Harvey B. Gaul (Wireless Age, September 1922, 53)

"Putting a program on the air" / Gustav Klemm (Etude, March 1933, 163-64)

"A glimpse "behind the mike" during the Palmolive Hour." / Herbert Devins (Radio revue for the listener, December 1929, 27)

"Creating scores for radio." / Viva Liebling (Musical Courier, 20 January 1944, 9)

"The background of background music : how NBC's experts fit music to the mood and action of dramatic shows." / Rose Heylbut (Etude, September 1945, 493-94)

"Music as presented by the radio" / Peter W. Dykema (New York : The Radio Institute of the Audible Arts, 1935).